Publication Ethics

Authors Must:

• Submit original, unpublished, and ethically conducted research.
• Ensure that all sources, quotations, data, and previously published materials are properly acknowledged and cited.
• Avoid plagiarism, duplicate publication, fabrication, falsification, and other forms of academic misconduct.
• Disclose any financial, professional, or personal conflicts of interest that may influence the research.
• Ensure that all listed authors have made appropriate contributions to the manuscript.
• Cooperate with the journal during the review and publication process and respond appropriately to editorial queries.

Reviewers Must:

• Evaluate manuscripts objectively, fairly, and confidentially based on academic quality, originality, relevance, and scholarly contribution.
• Provide constructive and professional feedback to assist authors in improving their manuscripts.
• Identify and report potential plagiarism, ethical concerns, conflicts of interest, or other forms of academic misconduct.
• Avoid personal criticism, discrimination, favoritism, or any form of bias during the review process.
• Decline the review when a conflict of interest could compromise impartiality.

Editors Must:

• Maintain fairness, transparency, confidentiality, and editorial independence throughout the publication process.
• Make publication decisions based on academic merit, originality, relevance, and quality, without discrimination or inappropriate influence.
• Ensure that manuscripts are handled through an appropriate peer-review and editorial assessment process.
• Identify and manage conflicts of interest involving authors, reviewers, or editorial staff.
• Protect the integrity of the journal's published record and take appropriate action when ethical or publication concerns are identified.